Prepositional phrase as adjective
The dog WITH SPOTS buried the bone
The dog WITH SPOTS buried the bone WITH FLESH ON IT
The dog WITH SPOTS buried the bone FROM THE ZOMBIE WITH HALF A FACE.
Prepositional phrase as adverb
HOW: The dog buried the bone WITH ENTHUSIASM.
WHERE: The dog buried the bone UNDER THE PORCH.
WHEN: The dog buried the hone BEFORE SUNSET.
With an appositive, it’s always an adjective.
The dog, a mutt WITH SPOTS, buried the bone.
Within a verbal, it usually acts as an adverb.
Burying the bone UDNER THE PORCH keeps the dog busy.